Vocabulary- Cultural Issues & Values- الدرس 1 بالدارجة - UNIT 2 English 2 BAC

What do culture, cultural issues and values mean?

 

Definitions: 

Culture stands for the way of life of a certain group of people. It includes beliefs, traditions, language, food, clothing, etc.

Cultural issues: Problems and conflicts among people due to cultural differences.

Cultural Values:  The norms that a certain society sets for their life and living such as tolerance, solidarity, etc.

Cultural Values & Aspects:

Values:                         Clothes / Dress             Food                                                 Religions/ Beliefs

Hosbitality                   Gandora                       Couscous/ Tagine                            Islam

Respect                         Djellaba                        Bastilla/ Pastilla/ Tanjia                 Christianity

Tolerance                      Tahruyt                        Chicken with lemon and olives      Judaism

Generosity                    Takchita                       Lamb or beef with prunes              Hinduisim

Solidarity                      Tarbouche                   Kefta meatball Tagine                     Atheism

Citizenship                   Tagiya                          Rfissa/ Harira/ Mechoui                  Buddhism 

Cooperation                  Balgha                         Briouat / Msemen                             

Creativity                     Niqab                            Chebakia

Kindness                       Hayk                            Mint tea

Justice                           Caftan                          Amlou

Arts and crafts          Architecture            Customs and traditions             Celebrations & Feasts

Colorful tile                  Riad                             Eating couscous on Fridays           Eid Lkbir/ Al-adha

Pottery                       Kasbah                    Drinking mint tea                        Ramadan

Leather goods            Villa                        Offering food and shelter            Eid Al fitr

Carpets, rugs             Mosque                   to quests                                        Eid Al fitr

Hand-Embroidery     Ceramics                 Visiting moussems                        Weddings 

Metalwork                 Arches                     Bargaining with merchants         Islamic New Year

Jewelry                       Tile (Zellige)          Going to Hamam on weekends    Independence Day

Malhoun                                                     Fantasia/ Tbourida                       Imilchil Festival

Cultural Issues:

1- Men wearing earrings.

2- Blowing your nose in public.

4- Eating food with your fingers.

5- Slurping soup in a restaurant.

6- A mobile phone ringing during a meeting.

7- A women breast-feeding her baby in public.

8- Bargaining with the salesperson in a shop.

9- Marrying someone from another country.

10- Adults living with their parents even after they get married.

11- Stereotype: a thought idea of a particular type of person that may or may not be true.

What is culture?

Generally speaking, culture stands for the way we live in a particular society. Shared cultural aspects gives us a sense of belonging and security. Culture It includes:

       The way we cook and eat our food, (Food)
       The way we design and build our houses, (Architecture)

            Our way of dressing and making clothes, (Clothes and dress)

            Greeting each other and organizing our families, (Customs and traditions)

             The way of celebrating our feasts and special occasions, (Celebrations and feasts)

            The way we express ourselves in arts, writing and other forms of expression, (Arts and crafts)

        Our cultural beliefs and religious practices, (Religions and beliefs)

        Cultural values: definitions

1         Tolerance: The ability to accept and respect the opinions and beliefs of others.

2         Altruism: The act of being selfless by benefiting another at one’s own expense.

3         Citizenship: The set of rights and duties a person has towards their own community.

4         Solidarity: The act of participating with others and working together towards the same.

5         Equity : Equal treatment to everyone.

6         Initiative: The ability or opportunity to act before others do.

7         Coexistence: The ability to live together in harmony.

8         Responsibility: The state of being responsible, answerable, or accountable for something within          one’s power

9         Love: A feeling of warm personal attachment or deep affection, as for a parent, child, or friend

1        Harmony: Agreement; accord; harmonious relations.

Reading Comprehension الدرس 7 بالدارجة I Reading I UNIT 1 English 2BAC

     Read the text and answer the comprehension questions: 

       Dropping out of school has always been a problem that educators understood and tried to prevent. There are many reasons why students drop out of school. One of the main reasons for students turning to it is family problems. Some parents want their children to get married early; other parents do not see the value or benefit of education and send their children to work.  Poverty may be a strong reason that forces students to give up and dropout. Sometimes, students have no desire for studies, have failed some subjects or have problems with some teachers and this is a third reason.

      Students who fail to graduate from high school have a more difficult time finding a job; they may live in poor neighborhoods, with poor schools, high crime rates, and a lower quality of housing. They have less medical care. The community is also negatively affected by drop outs, especially when the percentages are high. Such a community sees higher crime rates, especially delinquency and drug related crime. They may experience other high risk behaviors such as alcohol abuse and drug use.

 Comprehension

A- Give an appropriate title to the text: (1pt) ………………………………..

B - Are these statements TRUE or FALSE? justify your answers. (3 pt)

1. Students may drop out because of problems at school. (………………) 

.........................................................................................................................

2. The high dropout rate does not affect the community.(…………………)

.........................................................................................................................

3. Some students drop out of schools because their families don’t have enough money.(…………………) .............................................................................................................

B- Answer the following questions from the text : (2 pt)

1. Why do some parents encourage their children to leave school? 

2. What are some problems that face students who fail to graduate from high school?

C - What do the underlined words in the text refer to : (2pt)

1- Their : …………………… 2- They:……………………………..

D- Find in the text words that mean the same as : (2pt) 

1 - Wish (para 1)…………………… 2- Society (para2) : ………………………

Writing A paragraph الدرس 6 بالدارجة I Writing I UNIT 1 English 2BAC

Read and analyze this paragraph:

There are many reasons why Canada is the best country in the world. First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians have access to medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education. Students are taught by well trained teachers and are encouraged to continue their studies at the university. Finally, Canada’s cities are clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have many parks and a lot of green spaces. As a result, Canada is a desirable place to live in.

Writing: Linking Words of Addition and concession- الدرس 5 بالدارجة - UNIT 1 Gateway to English 2 BAC

What are linking words?

 

Definition: Linking words are words or expressions that show logical relationships between clauses in a sentence, between sentences within a paragraph, or even between paragraphs.

They may convey different ideas such as addition, contrast, concession, time, reason, result, etc.‎

In this lesson, we are going to tackle two types of linking words: Addition and Concession.

Addition Linking words join ideas that are related to same topic. The list includes different linking items, such as: and, also, too, as well, not only … but also …, besides, Moreover, furthermore, additionally, in addition, etc.

Concession linking words are used to express opposition between two ideas. They include various items such as: But, Although, Though, However, etc.

Study the tables below:

Addition:

Linking words for Addition	Examples
and	Ahmed is a good student and he is very polite.
Also,	Ahmed is a good student. Also, he is very polite.
Besides,	Ahmed is a good student. Besides, he is very polite.
Not only...but also…	Ahmed is not only a good student but also very polite.
Too / as well.	Ahmed is a good student. He is very polite too/as well.
Moreover,	Ahmed is a good student. Moreover, he is very polite.
Furthermore,	Ahmed is a good student. Furthermore, he is very polite.
In addition,	Ahmed is a good student. In addition, he is very polite.

Concession:

Linking words for Concession	Examples
but	Ahmed is a good student but he is impolite.
Although / though	Although / though Ahmed is a good student, he is impolite.
However,	Ahmed is a good student. However, he is impolite.

Further explanations + examples:

Concession linking words:

Concession	Examples
but	·         I love playing football, but I hate basketball.
However,	·      She doesn’t like him. However, she helps him if he needs it. ·      I tried to lift the box. However, it was too heavy for me
Although	·      Although it was cold, we went to Ifrane. ·      Although he is poor in English, he does not work hard ·      Although the school is far away, Zahra attends all afternoon classes. ·      Although he is rich, Adil does not help the poor. ·      Although international organizations work hard, they can’t solve all the problems. ·      Although it was raining, we went out.
Though	·      Though the school is very far from her village, Fatima insists on attending all her lessons. ·      Though I liked the sweater, I decided not to buy it. ·      though I liked the sweater, I decided not to buy it. ·      Though Hamid was not offered a better position, he did a great job. ·      Though I have so many things to do, I’ll try to find some time to see you this afternoon

Addition linking words:

Addition	Examples
and	·         Peter is hardworking and intelligent.
also, besides,	·         Peter is hardworking. Also, he’s intelligent.        ·         Peter is hardworking. Besides, he’s intelligent.
too. as well.	·         Peter is hardworking. He’s intelligent too.       ·         Peter is hardworking. He’s intelligent as well.
not only …. but    also …	·         Peter is not only hardworking but also intelligent.
Moreover, Furthermore,	·         Peter is hardworking. Moreover, he’s intelligent.        ·         Peter is hardworking. Furthermore, he’s intelligent.
In addition, Additionally,	·         Peter is hardworking. In addition, he’s intelligent.        ·         Peter is hardworking. Additionally, he’s intelligent.

Sample paragraph where linking words are used:

Voluntary work is very important for the development of the society. For example, it is the best way to help people in need like orphans and poor children. Besides, this type of work helps youth to learn more and gain more experiences, especially when working in organizations. In addition, it teaches them how to be cooperative and helpful in society. Moreover (furthermore, also), voluntary work spreads love among communities.

More Examples related to” Women and Power” Unit:

·     Fouad is not only good at volleyball, but he is also a fantastic handball player.

·  Helen Keller was a woman of luminous intelligence, high ambition and great accomplishment. In addition, she devoted her life to helping others.

·     Moroccan women need education as well as health care.

·     Greenpeace works to preserve the environment. Besides, it is a non-profit organization.

·     Educated women have a big influence on society. Moreover, they contribute to the welfare of their families.

·     Educated women look after their houses. They also work outside their homes.

Practice:  Rewrite the following using the given linking words

Linking words exercises are meant to help students join sentences so as to improve their oral and written skills .They are also meant to help them get familiar with the types of questions they will find in the English National Exam.

1.    The marks are high. The students’ level is low.
Although………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………

2.    It was dark. He managed to find the keys.
Though…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………….

3.    He got up early. He arrived late to school.
………………………………………………………..…. . However, ………………………………………….…………….

4.    Tim is in good shape. He doesn’t get much exercise.
………………………………………………. but ………………………………………………………………….……………….

5.    Samira was sad. She kept smiling and having fun.
…………………………………….…………… . However, …………………………………………………...…………….

6.    She loves him. He treats her badly.
Though ………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………..……………….

7.  He didn’t work hard. He passed the baccalaureate exam.

    ……………………………………….………………… but …………………………………………………………………………